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Abstract:This paper presents a review of experimental and computational techniques for the prediction of fatigue crack initiation and propagation in biomaterials and metals. In biomechanics, the terms fatigue and crack propagation are used interchangeably when referring to the initiation and propagation of cracks in musculoskeletal tissues under cyclic loading. There are several widely used experimental techniques that are available to predict the fatigue crack propagation in musculoskeletal tissues, including single-cycle fatigue, cyclic-loading fatigue, uniaxial cyclic fatigue, and fatigue crack propagation in bending, but single-cycle fatigue and cyclic-loading fatigue are most widely used. In biomaterials, most fatigue crack propagation predictions use the cyclic-loading fatigue model, which is the most similar to the biological situation. In contrast, predictions of fatigue crack initiation mostly use the single-cycle fatigue model, but there are a few studies that use the cyclic-loading fatigue model. In metals, fatigue crack initiation and propagation are mainly predicted using the cyclic-loading fatigue model and the single-cycle fatigue model. In the case of fatigue crack initiation, the cyclic-loading fatigue model is used more than the single-cycle fatigue model, and, if the crack is allowed to propagate, the cyclic-loading fatigue model is almost always used over the single-cycle fatigue model. There are also a few computational methods available that can be used to predict both fatigue crack initiation and propagation. This paper will briefly review the most commonly used experimental and computational methods for predicting fatigue crack initiation and propagation in biomaterials and metals, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.Keywords: fatigue; fatigue crack initiation; fatigue crack propagation; fatigue life prediction; biomaterials; metals
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